| SDDS |
Date of last update: 04/17/2008 |
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| Description | |
| The Data: Coverage, Periodicity, and Timeliness | |
Coverage characteristics |
Data are disseminated in Reais (R$) on the general government operations, which comprise: the Central Government (the National Treasury and the Social Security); 27 state governments; and a representative sample of 250 municipal governments.Data for various aggregates are disseminated for the revenues, the expenditures, the nominal result, the primary result, the financing, broken down into external financing and domestic financing (with domestic financing broken down into bank and non-bank), and other aggregates generated by the activity of the public administration in each member of the Federation. The primary result is consolidated and calculated for each level of government. To consolidate the data, the data on the central and decentralized administrations were added. Data on Central Government are calculated on an cash basis whereas data for state and municipal governments are calculated on accrual basis. Interest is disseminated on an accrual basis. Financing data cover the Central Government (National Treasury and Social Security), the state and the municipal governments. These data are presented by residency. The primary result is consolidated and calculated on a cash basis. The fiscal year is the same as the calendar year. |
Periodicity |
Annual. |
Timeliness |
Two years, for annual data. (See Notes). |
| Access by the Public | |
Advance dissemination of release calendar |
An advance release calendar that gives one quarter ahead notice of the precise release dates is published on the website of the Central Bank of Brazil (http://www.bcb.gov.br/sddsi/calendar_i.htm) and on the IMF’s Data Dissemination Standards Bulletin Board (http://dsbb.imf.org). A calendar for the entire following year is published on each December issue of the Central Bank Press Release and on Central Bank's website: http://www.bcb.gov.br |
Simultaneous release to all interested parties |
Data are disseminated on the Internet in Portuguese at http://www.tesouro.fazenda.gov.br, prepared by the National Treasury Secretariat. The "below-the-line" data are published in a monthly press release and in the Central Bank Bulletin, being immediately available to all interested parties at the Central Bank's website on the Internet (http://www.bcb.gov.br/?FISCPOLICY). The information is also available at the Central Bank's library. |
| Integrity | |
Dissemination of terms and conditions under which official statistics are produced, including those relating to confidentiality of individual responses |
The following laws provide the legal foundation for the statistical functions
of the IBGE:
These laws establish the obligatory character of the provision of information to the IBGE and provide assurances of confidentiality of individual responses so that the data can be used only for statistical purposes. According to these laws, dissemination of data by the IBGE is mandatory and free of charge. The IBGE compiles and produces the basic data on general government statistics taking into consideration the System of National Accounts (SCN) methodology. With the aim of preserving the comparability of the data, the SCN methodology has been applied to the data available since 1991. The National Treasury Secretariat (Ministry of Finance) compiles and
produces the basic data on general government statistics taking into consideration
the Fiscal Responsibility Law: The municipalities data refer to annual financial statements and balance sheets, duly approved by the State Accounts Tribunal (Tribunal de Contas do Estado). The National Treasury Secretariat (Ministry of Finance) consolidates, cross-checks and disseminates the information. It is important to note that the National Treasury Secretariat makes adjustments to the original data produced by IBGE, ensuring its compatibility with the data regularly provided on the central government operations. The Central Bank of Brazil compiles and publishes monetary and financial statistics pursuant to the legislation in force, specifically the Law establishing the Central Bank (Law Nr. 4595 of Dec. 31st, 1964) and the National Monetary Council resolutions, governing the generation and release of data and information, in particular with regard to the confidentiality of data. The Central Bank guarantees the confidentiality of the data in observance of the established in Article 38 of the Law Nr. 4595. The Law Nr. 4595, the National Monetary Council resolutions, and other
rules issued by the Central Bank of Brazil, as well as other legislation,
can be found in Portuguese on the Central Bank's Internet page: These laws are available to the public in Portuguese at the Internet
page of the Presidency of the Republic, under search of decrees and laws: |
Identification of internal government access to data before release |
The Board of Directors of the Central Bank and the Secretariat of Economic Policy of the Ministry of Finance have access to the data before their publication. |
Identification of ministerial commentary on the occasion of statistical releases |
Data are published with explanatory notes and the "below-the-line" data are disseminated with technical comments. |
Provision of information about revision and advance notice of major changes in methodology |
Data are identified as preliminary or final in the publications. Major changes in the current methodology will be published in Bulletins and in other methodological notes. |
| Quality | |
Dissemination of documentation on methodology and sources used in preparing statistics |
The sources used for the compilation and calculation of the data will be identified in the press releases. The calculation methodology will be explained and published in the Bulletins of the National Treasury Secretariat. These information will also be disseminated on the Internet. The methodology utilized for the measurement of fiscal statistics by
the Central Bank according to the “below the line” criterion
is described in the Fiscal Statistics Handbook available at |
Dissemination of component detail, reconcilliations with related data, and statistical frameworks that support statistical cross-checks and provide assurance of reasonableness |
The "below-the-line" data (public sector borrowing requirements) compiled by the Central Bank, take into consideration the changes in the net debt, including domestic and external financing sources, permitting a certain degree of comparison with the corresponding above the line data, compiled by the IBGE and consolidated by the National Treasury Secretariat. The IBGE compiles and produces the basic data on general government statistics taking into consideration the System of National Accounts (SCN) methodology. With the aim of preserving the comparability of the data, the SNA methodology has been applied to the data available between 1991 and 1998. The National Treasury Secretariat (Ministry of Finance) compiles and
produces the basic data on general government statistics taking into consideration
the Fiscal Responsibility Law: The same article determines May 31 and April 30 as the respective deadlines for states and municipalities to send data to the Executive Branch of the Federal Government. Data are to be sent through SISTN, the STN system that is maintained by Caixa Econômica Federal (Federal Savings Bank) by means of agreement with the STN itself. STN defines, through directives, the standard of forms and data tables
to be made available by the system, so as to ensure that data gathered
by the states and municipalities have a homogeneous accounting plan. The National Treasury Secretariat (Ministry of Finance) consolidates, cross-checks and disseminates the information. It is important to note that the National Treasury Secretariat makes adjustments to the original data produced by IBGE, ensuring its compatibility with the data regularly provided on the central government operations. The data published by the Central Bank and by the National Treasury Secretariat cover the reference period of one year for the general government operations (above and below the line).In addition, the Central Bank also compiles and disseminates monthly below the line data. The criterions for both are in the process of converging. |
Notes |
Brazil is taking a flexibility option for the timeliness of General Government Operations. However, it is expected that the present timeliness will be improved with the Fiscal Responsibility Law, approved in May, 2000. Summary page on observance and transition plan |
| Dissemination Formats | |||
| Hardcopy | |||
| X | X | News release |
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| Weekly bulletin | |||
| X | Monthly bulletin | The Central Bank Bulletins are available in Portuguese and in English at the Central Bank's library or by a paid subscription from: DEMAP/DISUP/SUIMP The cost is R$ 19.05 per issue. |
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| Quarterly bulletin | |||
| Other | |||
| Electronic media | |||
| X | On-line country bulletin board or database | ||
| X | Internet address |
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| Diskette | |||
| CD ROM | |||
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| Summary Methodology |
| Analytical framework, concepts, definitions, and classifications (including reference to applicable guidelines) |
The basic general government data take into consideration the concepts and definitions of the System of National Accounts, of 1993. To the compilation of these data, some new information has been introduced, such as: revenues and expenditures of public entities, which are legally enterprises, but provide services to support the public administration. Therefore, approximately 240 entities, in the three levels of government were included. The data originated by these entities are included in the consolidated revenues and expenditures of the public administration. The data are consolidated for each level of government and include both the centralized and decentralized administrations. A more detailed description of the calculation methodology can be found in the IBGE summary of the methodology of public sector transactions (“Regionalization of Public Sector Transactions”).The information made available by IBGE is checked against the data gathered and consolidated by the Secretariat of the National Treasury/General Coordination of Relations and Financial Analysis of the States and Municipalities. FINANCING - this item is calculated according to the "below-the-line" criterium and corresponds to the nominal variation of the Central Government net debt balance, excluding asset adjustments (methodological adjustment of foreign debt and the dollar-indexed domestic securities debt, adjustments of revenues from privatization and of incorporation of debts related to previous public accounts deficit). The methodology is fully described in the Fiscal Statistics Handbook available at (http://www.bcb.gov.br/ftp/infecon/Manual.pdf ) |
| Scope of the data (coverage of, e.g., institutional units, transactions and stock, commodities, industries, and geographic areas) |
The national accounts criteria data covers the following entities:
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| Accounting conventions (e.g. time of recording, valuation methods) |
In terms of expenditures, the stages of budgetary and financial execution in Brazil are as follows: preparation of the budgetary proposal, enactment and publication of the Annual Budgetary Law, bidding, performance, production of goods or services by contractors, settlement, and payment. Expenditure commitments refer to the allocation of a share of the budget to a given expenditure, with prior indication of the creditor and of the amount. The settlement consists of the recognition that the expenditure was executed as agreed, and represents acknowledgment of the debt as net and accurate. This is the last stage of budgetary execution of the expenditure. The next and final step is the payment, which is carried out when the subject incurring in the expenditure issues a bank order in favor of the creditor. It should be pointed out that the expenditure is recorded in the accounting books at the time of the settlement, therefore the executed amount, as shown in the books, does not correspond exactly to the disbursed amount, because in certain situations there is a time lag between the settlement and the effective disbursement, due to cash shortfalls. Considering that settlement of the expenditure represents the acknowledgment that it has been properly executed, as well as the right of the creditor to receive the agreed amount, it can be inferred that this is a good criteria for valuing the expenditure. However, given the time lag between the recording and the payment of the settlement, specially when recording the due result, this method of determination also leads to discrepancies between the "above-the-line" criteria fiscal result, calculated by the Ministry of Finance, and the Central Bank’s "below-the-line" criteria figures. Accounting data for state and municipal governments are compiled on a cash basis for revenues and an accrual basis for spending.Accounting data for the central government are compiled on a cash basis. In case of financing, the nominal interests are appropriated according to the accrual basis. |
| Nature of the basic data (e.g., administrative records, surveys censuses, combinations of these) |
The IBGE surveys accounting information referring to state governments and a sample of 125 municipalities, represented by the most important municipalities in each of the Federation’s units. The municipal level is complemented by information made available through SISTN and SIOPS (System of Information on Public Budget of the Health Sector). Municipalities’ information not available through the mentioned systems is estimated according to their population and geographical localization. Basic data referring to state and municipal governments collected by STN are fully obtained from the SISTN, and they have declaratory status. The original source of information is the balance sheet of centralized and decentralized administrative units of states and municipalities. STN does not modify the data obtained from SISTN. The resources and liabilities from the banking system are compiled by the Central Bank of Brazil. Data on financing are obtained from financial system and Central Bank's accounts information, from the balance of payments, from the Special Settlement and Custody System (SELIC ) and from the Central of Custody and Liquidation Chamber (CETIP).Central Government’s data are calculated by utilizing the cash criterion, while state and municipal governments are calculated by utilizing the cash criterion for revenues and the accrual criterion for expenditures. Interests are calculated by utilizing the accrual criterion. |
| Compilation practices (e.g., weighting schemes, imputation methods, balancing/cross-checking techniques) |
| The data are calculated using the national accounts criteria or, in other words, revenues, spending, production, intermediate consumption, aggregate value and other aggregates generated by the activity of public administration in each unit of the Federation. The primary result is consolidated and calculated for each level of government. The data on the centralized and decentralized administrations are added after exclusion of intragovernmental transfers (paid and received), in order to eliminate double accounting. The data are calculated on an accrual basis for the state and municipal governments. Interest is presented on an accrual basis. Data for the states and municipalities are compiled by IBGE. The basic information available for compilation is supplied by the SISTN. With this information, weighting factors are generated for the central municipal administration of each unit of the Federation which are then used to estimate the results of the central municipal administration of the metropolitan region, as well as the results of all the municipalities. Consolidation requires elimination of transactions among the levels of government and is done as follows:Federal government: the data are calculated with the primary “above the line” result produced by the STN, which considers spending according to the cash criterion. For calculation of the nominal result, nominal interest of the federal government is included on an accrual basis, as calculated by Banco Central. These data are compatible with the official monthly data on central government borrowing requirements, produced by the STN (“above the line”) and by Banco Central (“below the line”) State and municipal governments: the amounts are calculated using the
basic data produced by IBGE as the primary source. These data are compiled
on an accrual basis. The following items were excluded from the calculation
of the primary result: interest, earnings on deposits, privatization revenues,
cash and credit operations. Payments of interest and amortizations of
the public debt, as well as state and municipal loans, were also excluded. |
| Other aspects (e.g., seasonal adjustment, disclosure avoidance, base years, reference years, transformations from fiscal to calendar years) |
| The Brazilian official statistics exclude privatization revenues from total revenues and compile interest expenditures in an accrual basis, starting from the nominal balance of the net public sector debt. |